INTEXT QUESTIONS 30.1
1. Define the term ‘natural disaster’? Name any three.
Answer: A natural disaster is an environmental problem caused by natural factors and not by humans. It causes damage to life, property and the environment.
Any three natural disasters are earthquake , flood and cyclone.
2. You are enjoying a cup of tea with your family sitting on a bed. Suddenly you experience an earthquake . List the first two steps that you and your family should take.
Answer: If an earthquake occurs while you and your family are sitting on a bed, the first two steps you should take are:
(i) Creep under a sturdy bed or table to protect yourself from falling objects.
(ii) Cover your head and neck with your arms, a pillow, or any other protective material nearby until the shaking stops.
3. State one cause each of (a) forest fire (b) landslide (c) Flood
Answer: (a) Forest fire: Lightning striking dry twigs.
(b) Landslide: Cutting of trees (deforestation).
(c) Flood: Heavy rainfall.
4. State any one way by which National Disaster Management Authority of India could help in reducing the loss of life in case of (a) cyclone (b) tsunami.
Answer: (a) Cyclone: The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) can issue early warning alerts and evacuate people to safe shelters.
(b) Tsunami: The NDMA can provide early tsunami warnings and evacuate people from coastal areas to safer places.
5. What happens after a cloudburst?
Answer: After a cloudburst, flash floods and landslides may occur due to sudden, very heavy rainfall in a short period.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 30.2
Fill in the blanks.
1. The number of animals, such as __________ and___________ is falling due to cutting of forests.
2. Need for ___________ leads to felling of trees.
3. Practice of ___________ and ___________ can help in reforestation.
4. Environmental problems, such as __________ and ____________ are a result of increase in human population.
Answer: 1. The number of animals, such as cheetah and tiger is falling due to cutting of forests.
2. Need for housing (or construction of roads / industrialization) leads to felling of trees.
3. Practice of silviculture and mass plantation can help in reforestation.
4. Environmental problems, such as air pollution and water pollution (or global warming) are a result of increase in human population.
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